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Solutions

Overview

Step-by-step NCERT solutions for The Rattrap (Chapter 4, CBSE Class 12 English) — every question and answer worked out in full, not just the final result. You can also read the The Rattrap textbook chapter.

Solved

What these solutions cover

All 16 questions in The Rattrap are solved in the PDF. Here's what's inside, exercise by exercise:

Understanding the Text

  1. How does the peddler interpret the acts of kindness and hospitality shown by the crofter, the ironmaster and his daughter?
  2. What are the instances in the story that show that the character of the ironmaster is different from that of his daughter in many ways?
  3. The story has many instances of unexpected reactions from the characters to others' behaviour. Pick out instances of these surprises.
  4. What made the peddler finally change his ways?
  5. How does the metaphor of the rattrap serve to highlight the human predicament?
  6. The peddler comes out as a person with a subtle sense of humour. How does this serve in lightening the seriousness of the theme of the story and also endear him to us?

Talking about the Text

  1. The reader's sympathy is with the peddler right from the beginning of the story. Why is this so? Is the sympathy justified?
  2. The story also focuses on human loneliness and the need to bond with others.
  3. Have you known/heard of an episode where a good deed or an act of kindness has changed a person's view of the world?
  4. The story is both entertaining and philosophical.

Working with Words

  1. The man selling rattraps is referred to by many terms such as 'peddler, stranger' etc. Pick out all such references to him. What does each of these labels indicate of the context or the attitude of the people around him?
  2. You came across the words, plod, trudge, stagger in the story. These words indicate movement accompanied by weariness. Find five other such words with a similar meaning.

Noticing Form

  1. Notice the way in which reflexive pronouns have been used in the given examples. Pick out other examples of the use of reflexive pronouns from the story and notice how they are used.

Thinking about Language

  1. Notice the words in bold in the following sentence: 'The fire boy shovelled charcoal into the maw of the furnace with a great deal of clatter.' This is a phrase used in the specific context of an iron plant. Pick out other such phrases and words from the story that are peculiar to the terminology of ironworks.
  2. Mjolis is a card game of Sweden. Name a few indoor games played in your region. 'Chopar' could be an example.
  3. A crofter is a person who rents or owns a small farm especially in Scotland. Think of other uncommon terms for 'a small farmer' including those in your language.
Sample

Worked examples

3 questions from The Rattrap, solved step by step.

Working with Words

You came across the words, plod, trudge, stagger in the story. These words indicate movement accompanied by weariness. Find five other such words with a similar meaning.

The three words from the story — 'plod' (to walk slowly and heavily, with effort), 'trudge' (to walk with slow, weary steps), and 'stagger' (to move unsteadily, as if about to fall from exhaustion) — all describe effortful, weary locomotion.

Five other words with similar meaning:

1. Shuffle — to walk without lifting the feet properly, dragging them along the ground out of fatigue or listlessness.

2. Lumber — to move in a slow, heavy, awkward manner.

3. Slog — to walk or work doggedly with great effort, especially through difficult terrain or conditions.

4. Totter — to move in a faltering, unsteady way, as though about to collapse.

5. Shamble — to walk with a slow, shuffling, unsteady gait, feet barely leaving the ground.

Answer: Five words indicating weary movement: shuffle, lumber, slog, totter, shamble.

Thinking about Language

Mjolis is a card game of Sweden. Name a few indoor games played in your region. 'Chopar' could be an example.

This question asks for games from your own region. Some examples of traditional Indian indoor games are:

Chopar (also called Chaupar) — a cross-and-circle board game played with cowrie shells as dice, popular across North India.

Carrom — a finger-flicking board game played with small discs on a smooth square board; extremely popular across India.

Pachisi — a traditional board game played on a cross-shaped cloth board, considered the precursor to Ludo.

Ganjifa — a traditional card game played with hand-painted circular cards, once common in royal courts.

Kabaddi (indoor variant) — while primarily an outdoor contact sport, it is sometimes played in indoor settings in a reduced format.

Chess (Shatranj) — an ancient strategy game that originated in India (as Chaturanga) and is played widely indoors.

Antakshari — a popular Indian parlour game in which participants sing songs beginning with the last letter of the previous song.

Different regions have their own specialities: for instance, 'Pallankuzhi' in Tamil Nadu and Kerala uses a carved wooden board with seeds or shells.

Answer: Traditional Indian indoor games include Chopar/Chaupar, Carrom, Pachisi, Ganjifa, Chess (Shatranj), and Pallankuzhi, among others that vary by region.

Thinking about Language

A crofter is a person who rents or owns a small farm especially in Scotland. Think of other uncommon terms for 'a small farmer' including those in your language.

A 'crofter' is specifically a Scottish and Nordic term for a tenant who holds and works a small plot of land. Other uncommon or regional terms for a small farmer include:

Yeoman — historically, a small freeholder who farmed his own land in England; implies a degree of independence.

Smallholder — a British English term for a person who owns or rents a small piece of agricultural land.

Peasant farmer — a general term used across cultures for a subsistence-level farmer with a small plot.

Cottager — a rural person who lives in a cottage and works a small adjacent plot of land.

Ryot (Hindi: रैयत, raiyat) — a term used in colonial and pre-colonial India for a tenant farmer or cultivator who held and worked land under a landlord.

Kunbi — a term used in Maharashtra for a traditional farming caste engaged in small-scale cultivation.

Kisan (Hindi: किसान) — the common Hindi/Urdu term for a farmer, often a smallholder in the context of Indian agriculture.

Marginal farmer — the modern administrative term in India for a farmer holding less than one hectare of agricultural land.

Answer: Terms for a small farmer include yeoman, smallholder, cottager (English); ryot, kisan, kunbi (Indian contexts); the specific term used depends on the country, era, and the farmer's tenure status.

All 16 questions in The Rattrap are solved step by step in the Solutions PDF above.

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