Chapter 7 Solutions — How do Organisms Reproduce?

The correct answer is (b) Yeast.

Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a small bud (outgrowth) develops on the parent organism. The bud grows while still attached to the parent, eventually detaching to become a new independent organism.

Let us examine each option:

(a) Amoeba — reproduces by binary fission (splitting into two), not budding.

(b) Yeast — reproduces by budding. A small bud appears on the yeast cell, the nucleus divides, and one nucleus moves into the bud. The bud grows and eventually detaches. Sometimes, a chain of buds forms before they separate.

(c) Plasmodium — reproduces by multiple fission, forming many daughter cells within a cyst.

(d) Leishmania — reproduces by binary fission along a definite plane (longitudinal, along the flagellum).

Hydra also reproduces by budding, but among the given options, yeast is the correct answer.

The correct answer is (d) Pollen grains.

The anther is the upper part of the stamen (the male reproductive organ of a flower).

Structure of the stamen:

- The stamen consists of two parts: the filament (stalk) and the anther (top).

- The anther is a bilobed structure that contains pollen sacs.

- Inside the pollen sacs, pollen grains are produced. Each pollen grain contains the male gametes (reproductive cells).

Let us examine each option:

(a) Sepals — Sepals are the outermost whorl of the flower that protect the flower bud. They are not found inside the anther.

(b) Ovules — Ovules are found inside the ovary (the female reproductive part), not in the anther.

(c) Carpel — The carpel (pistil) is the female reproductive organ of the flower, consisting of stigma, style, and ovary. It is not found in the anther.

(d) Pollen grains — Pollen grains are produced and stored in the anther. This is the correct answer.