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Class 10 Social Science

Chapter 2 Solutions — Sectors of the Indian Economy

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Solutions

Overview

Step-by-step NCERT solutions for Sectors of the Indian Economy (Chapter 2, CBSE Class 10 Social Science) — every question and answer worked out in full, not just the final result. You can also read the Sectors of the Indian Economy textbook chapter.

Solved

What these solutions cover

All 29 questions in Sectors of the Indian Economy are solved in the PDF. Here's what's inside, exercise by exercise:

Fill in the blanks

Fill in the blank using the correct option given in the bracket: Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production. (has / has not)
Fill in the blank using the correct option given in the bracket: Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods. (tertiary / agricultural)
Fill in the blank using the correct option given in the bracket: Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised)
Fill in the blank using the correct option given in the bracket: A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small)
Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket: Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product. [natural / manufactured]
Fill in the blank using the correct option given in the bracket: The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are _________ [independent / interdependent]

Choose the most appropriate answer

1.
The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of:
- (i) employment conditions
- (ii) the nature of economic activity
- (iii) ownership of enterprises
- (iv) number of workers employed in the enterprise
2.
Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in _________ sector.
- (i) primary
- (ii) secondary
- (iii) tertiary
- (iv) information technology
3.
GDP is the total value of _________ produced during a particular year.
- (i) all goods and services
- (ii) all final goods and services
- (iii) all intermediate goods and services
- (iv) all intermediate and final goods and services
4.
In terms of GVA the share of tertiary sector in 2017–18 is between _________ per cent.
- (i) 20 to 30
- (ii) 30 to 40
- (iii) 50 to 60
- (iv) 60 to 70

Match the following

1.
Match the following (Problems faced by farming sector with Some possible measures): 1. Unirrigated land; 2. Low prices for crops; 3. Debt burden; 4. No job in the off season; 5. Compelled to sell their grains to the local traders soon after harvest. Measures:
- (a) Setting up agro-based mills;
- (b) Cooperative marketing societies;
- (c) Procurement of food grains by government;
- (d) Construction of…

Find the odd one out and say why

Find the odd one out and say why: Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter
Find the odd one out and say why: Teacher, doctor, vegetable vendor, lawyer
Find the odd one out and say why: Postman, cobbler, soldier, police constable
Find the odd one out and say why: MTNL, Indian Railways, Air India, Jet Airways, All India Radio

Short and Long Answer Questions

A research scholar looked at the working people in the city of Surat and found the following. Organised (offices/factories registered with the government) = 15; Own shops, office, clinics in marketplaces with formal license = 15; People working on the street, construction workers, domestic workers = 20; Working in small workshops usually not registered with the government = (blank). Complete the…
How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.
What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas.
Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.
"Tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy." Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people. Who are these?
Workers are exploited in the unorganised sector. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.
How are the activities in the economy classified on the basis of employment conditions?
Compare the employment conditions prevailing in the organised and unorganised sectors.
Explain the objective of implementing the MGNREGA 2005 or Viksit Bharat-GRAMG 2025.
Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.
The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues: wages, safety and health. Explain with examples.
A study in Ahmedabad found that out of 15,00,000 workers in the city, 11,00,000 worked in the unorganised sector. The total income of the city in this year (1997-1998) was Rs 60,000 million. Out of this Rs 32,000 million was generated in the organised sector. Present this data as a table.
The following table gives the GVA in Rupees (Crores) by the three sectors: 2001-02 — Primary 13,23,000, Secondary 10,40,000, Tertiary 19,31,000; 2021-22 — Primary 24,79,400, Secondary 40,73,000, Tertiary 73,25,000. Calculate the share of the three sectors in GDP for the two years.

Sample

Worked examples

3 questions from Sectors of the Indian Economy, solved step by step.

Choose the most appropriate answer

The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of: (i) employment conditions (ii) the nature of economic activity (iii) ownership of enterprises (iv) number of workers employed in the enterprise

The public and private classification depends on who owns the assets and is responsible for delivering services.

In the public sector the government owns the assets; in the private sector ownership is with private individuals or companies. So the basis is ownership of enterprises.

Answer: (iii) ownership of enterprises

Find the odd one out and say why

Find the odd one out and say why: Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter

Tourist guide, dhobi (washerman) and tailor all provide a service — they belong to the tertiary sector.

A potter makes goods (pots) from clay, which is a secondary-sector activity, so the potter is the odd one out.

Answer: Potter — the others provide services (tertiary), while a potter produces goods (secondary).

Short and Long Answer Questions

How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.

The primary sector produces goods by exploiting natural resources (e.g. farming, mining), and the secondary sector turns those raw materials into manufactured goods (e.g. making cloth, steel).

The tertiary sector is different because it does not produce goods; instead it provides services that support the other two sectors — for example transport, storage, communication, banking and trade. Teachers, doctors, lawyers, transporters and shopkeepers are tertiary-sector workers.

Answer: Unlike the primary and secondary sectors, which produce goods, the tertiary sector provides services (transport, banking, trade, communication, education) that support the other sectors.

All 29 questions in Sectors of the Indian Economy are solved step by step in the Solutions PDF above.

Board papers

Sectors of the Indian Economy in CBSE board papers

Tested in 67 questions across 23 Class 10 board papers (2020–2026). Open a set to see exactly how this chapter is asked:

Keep solving

Chapter 2 Solutions — Sectors of the Indian Economy

Overview

What these solutions cover

Fill in the blanks

Choose the most appropriate answer

Match the following

Find the odd one out and say why

Short and Long Answer Questions

Worked examples

The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of: (i) employment conditions (ii) the nature of economic activity (iii) ownership of enterprises (iv) number of workers employed in the enterprise

Find the odd one out and say why: Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter

How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.

Sectors of the Indian Economy in CBSE board papers

More solutions in Understanding Economic Development

More NCERT Solutions for Class 10